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Whale Frankenstein? Whales May Have Come Via a Three-Way Whales and dolphins are generally believed to be the descendents of four-legged meat-eating terrestrial beasts of the Paleocene called mesonychids. Unique triangular teeth and a long snout constitute shared characters among both mesonychids and primitive whales. However, a number of other characters tie the earliest whales closer to the artiodactyls – a lineage including cows, deer, antelope, pigs, camels, etc. The early whales shared similar ankles and long toe bones with the primitive artiodactyls, as well as several other characters. In short, the early whales had a head like a mesonychid, but a foot like an artiodactyl.[1] Molecular evidence demonstrates that whales are actually most closely related to the hippopotamus.[2] [3] This is surprising because the hippopotamus does not even appear in the fossil record until 16 million year ago – about 40 million years after the first whales appeared.[4] The only artiodactyls dating back to the times of the earliest whales bare more resemblance to the cattle-like and pig-like clans of the artiodactyls, not to the hippopotamus. Thewissen et al concluded that whales are not closely related to hippos, nor to mesonychids, but rather are close kin to some other kind of ungulate within artiodactyla.[5] Although it is well established that the whales came from some kind of primitive ungulate (hoofed mammal), the precise placement of whales within the ungulates continues to elude science. Perhaps the best way to view the evidence is right under our nose: Early whales were a combination of flesh-eating mesonychids, plant-eating primitive cattle, and the anachronistic hippopotamus. They came not from one lineage, but rather from a mixture of three – one of which, the hippo, was not even on the planet until 40 million years after the fact! In this case, not only was the cross-breeding a mystery, but also the appearance of mystery hippo DNA 40 million years before it came about. Could the earliest whales have been fossil frankensteins? Did some kind of paranormal or extraterrestrial force cut and paste DNA together from three different ungulate lineages? If so, they were not the only ones. The creationist narrative in Genesis 1 is contradicted by many ancient Christian texts. Instead of an Almighty Creator God, ancient Christian texts espouse that the universe is born from blind arrogance and stupidity. The angels caused evolution to occur from species to species. There are many gods, (or aliens?), and the Christian God is just one among them. Satan the Devil writes scripture, and thus the Bible was polluted with Genesis 1. Archaeology and modern scholarship demonstrate that Genesis is indeed corrupted. Cavemen walk with Adam and Eve. Esoteric prophecies reveal the coming of Christ, and also reveal the dark forces that govern the cosmos. Such are the ancient Christian writings. Science vindicates the truth of these ideas. Evolution often happens too fast for Darwin’s theory. Gaps in the fossil record indicate that some kind of unnatural force acts together with natural selection. Astrobiology reveals that intelligent life probably evolved long before us. The fossil record reveals strange clues that aliens abducted species and transported them across oceans, and that DNA from diverse lineages was combined to spawn hybrid species. Evidently, aliens influence evolution, and they are the gods of the world’s religions. This is not fiction. All these facts are thoroughly documented in the links above. [1] Madar, S I; Thewissen, J G M; Hussain, S T. Additional Holotype Remains of Ambulocetus Natans(Cetacea, Ambulocetidae), and their Implications for Locomotion in Early Whales. 2002, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(2), p 405-422 [2] Shimamura, M; Yasua, H; Ohshmia, K; Abe, H; Kato, H; Kishiro, T; Gotos, M; Munechikai, I; Okada, N. Molecular Evidence from Retroposons that Whales form a Clade within Even-toed Ungulates. 1997, Nature 388, p 666-670 [3] Nikaido, M; Rooney, A P; Okada, N. Phylogenetic Relationships Among Cetartiodactyls Based on Insertions of Short and Long Interspersed Elements: Hippopotamuses are the Closest Extant Relatives of Whales. 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 96, p 10261-10266 [4] Theodor, Jessica M. Molecular Clock Divergence Estimates and the Fossil Record of Cetartiodactyla. 2004, Journal of Paleontology 78(1), p 39-44 [5] Thewissen, J G M; Williams, E M; Roe, L J; Hussain, S T. Skeletons of Terrestrial Cetaceans and the Relationship of Whales to Artiodoctyls. 2001, Nature 413, p 277 |
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